Organization
Undergraduate School School of Commerce Professor
Title
Professor
Other name(s)
Hara Yoritoshi
External link
Degree
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Dr. rer. pol. ( Freie Universität Berlin )
Research Interests
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Marketing Channels
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B2B Marketing
Research Areas
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Humanities & social sciences / Commerce / Marketing
Professional Memberships
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日本商業学会
Committee Memberships
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日本商業学会 理事
2023.5
Committee type：Academic society
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日本商業学会 理事
2017.5 - 2021.5
Committee type：Academic society
Papers
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The roles of relational diversity and embeddedness in absorptive capacity enhancement Reviewed
Yoritoshi Hara, Yonghoon Choi
Industrial Marketing Management 125 48 - 59 2025.2
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Yoritoshi Hara, Hitoshi Iwashita
Journal of Asia Business Studies 18 ( 5 ) 1245 - 1258 2024.11
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Vertical and horizontal governance in multiple-channel systems Reviewed
Yoritoshi Hara, Yonghoon Choi
Journal of Business Research 156 ( 113529 ) 2023.2
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Changes in industrial network logics: the case of the Japanese retail industry Reviewed
Yoritoshi Hara
Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 37 ( 1 ) 1 - 13 2022
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Integrated marketing channel relationships: integration dimensions and channel performance Reviewed
Yoritoshi Hara
Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 34 ( 6 ) 1360 - 1373 2019.7
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Strategic channel choice to improve marketing performances: Considering interaction effects between channel integration and firm-specific factors (in Japanese) Reviewed
Yonghoon Choi and Yoritoshi Hara
Journal of Marketing and Distribution 22 ( 1 ) 17 - 33 2019
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The performance effect of inter-firm adaptation in channel relationships: The roles of relationship-specific resources and tailored activities Reviewed
Yonghoon Choi, Yoritoshi Hara
Industrial Marketing Management 70 46 - 57 2018
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Trust building process for new market entrants: a case study of a Japanese cosmetics company's business expansion in China Reviewed
Hajime Kobayashi, Yoritoshi Hara, Tetsuya Usui
Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 32 ( 6 ) 801 - 812 2017
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Beyond taxation: Discourse around energy policy in Japan Reviewed
Takahiro Endo, Yuki Tsuboyama, Yoritoshi Hara
Energy Policy 98 412 - 419 2016.11
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The hidden abode of network orchestration: The case of de-legitimated diesel cars in Japan Reviewed
Yoritoshi Hara, Takahiro Endo, Hajime Kobayashi
Industrial Marketing Management 49 15 - 21 2015.8
Books
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はじめての流通〔新版〕
崔容熏, 原頼利, 東伸一（ Role： Joint author）
2022.10
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流通と商業データブック―理論と現象から考える
東伸一 他編（ Role： Contributor）
2022.9
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はじめての流通
崔容熏, 原頼利, 東伸一（ Role： Joint author）
有斐閣 2014.10
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流通チャネル論 ―新制度派アプローチによる新展開
渡辺達朗, 久保知一, 原頼利 編（ Role： Joint editor）
有斐閣 2011.11
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現代日本のものづくり戦略 ―革新的企業のイノベーション
土屋勉男, 原頼利, 竹村正明（ Role： Joint author）
白桃書房 2011.11
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経営品質科学の研究：企業活動のクオリティを科学する
（ Role： Joint author）
中央経済社 2011.9
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マーケティング研究の展開
堀越比呂志, 橋本勲, 三浦信, 光澤滋朗, 堀田一善, 崔容熏, 薄井和夫, 戸田裕美子, 松尾洋治, 嶋正, 上沼克徳, 樫原正勝, 越川靖子, 塚田朋子, 原頼利（ Role： Joint author）
同文舘出版 2010.8 （ ISBN:9784495643515 ）
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流通論をつかむ
渡辺達朗, 原頼利, 遠藤明子, 田村晃一（ Role： Joint author）
有斐閣 2008.12 （ ISBN:9784641177109 ）
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流通論の基礎
住谷宏, 菊池宏之, 伊藤一, 久保知一, 原頼利（ Role： Joint author）
中央経済社 2008.3 （ ISBN:9784502397202 ）
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戦略的SCMケイパビリティ
（ Role： Joint author）
同文舘出版 2007.3 （ ISBN:9784495376512 ）
Presentations
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The paradox of actor heterogeneity: With whom should firms collaborate and how?
Hara, Y., Nakayama, C.
Industrial Marketing & Purchasing Group Conference 2026 2026.9
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Actor heterogeneity and resource ownership affecting project performance
Hara, Y., Endo, T.
ANZMAC 2025 2025.12
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Does psychological ownership enhance project performance?
Hara, Y., Endo, T.
ANZMAC 2024 2024.12
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Impact of International Function Transfer on Cross-Functional Integration in New Product Development: A Comparative Study of New Product Development Processes in Multinational Japanese Manufacturing
Masayasu Nagashima, Junjiro Shintaku, Takahiro Tomino, Tetsuo Yoshimoto, Yoritoshi Hara
31st EurOMA Conference 2024.7
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The hidden role of property rights in cultural production projects
Yoritoshi Hara, Takahiro Endo
EMAC Regional Conference 2023 2023.9
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A triad perspective of cross-functional integration (CFI) across new product development (NPD): case study of a multinational Japanese manufacturing company in China
Masayasu Nagashima, Junjiro Shintaku, Takahiro Tomino, Tetsuo Yoshimoto, Yoritoshi Hara
30th EurOMA Conference 2023.7
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How do relationship structures affect knowledge adaptation for value enhancement?
Yoritoshi Hara, Yonghoon Choi
38th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2022.9
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Shared ownership and coordination problems in temporary organizations: Filmmaking joint ventures in Japan
Yoritoshi Hara, Takahiro Endo
38th European Group for Organizational Studies Colloquium 2022.7
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Diversity or Embeddedness: What Activates Absorptive Capacities?
Yoritoshi Hara, Yonghoon Choi
ANZMAC 2021 2021.12
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Performance Impacts of Inappropriate Channel Selection: The Trade-offs between Cost Reductions and Differentiated Channel Services
Yonghoon Choi, Yoritoshi Hara
37th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2021.8
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Economic rationality or sociological legitimacy? The conditions under which multiple channel strategies are effective
Yonghoon Choi, Yoritoshi Hara
2019.8
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How New Retailing Formats Are Institutionalized: Isomorphism and Strategic Practices International conference
Yoritoshi Hara and Yonghoon Choi
8th International Conference on Economics and Management of Networks 2018.11
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How to combine and coordinate resources across firms under uncertainty International conference
Yonghoon Choi and Yoritoshi Hara
34th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2018.9
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Re-examining Integration in B2B Relationships under Environmental Uncertainty: Coordination, Information Sharing, and Authority International conference
47th Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy 2018.6
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Global Retailers' Legitimacy in Local Markets International conference
Yoritoshi Hara
43rd European International Business Academy Annual Conference 2017.12
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Industrial Legitimacy and Isomorphism: The case of the Japanese convenience-store industry International conference
Yoritoshi Hara and Yonghoon Choi
33rd Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2017.9
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The paradox of servitization: How to design PSSs International conference
Hajime Kobayashi, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masataka Hashimoto
2017 CBIM (Center for Business & Industrial Marketing) Academic Workshop 2017.6
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Discourse around strategizing processes in industrial networks International conference
Yoritoshi Hara
IMP Asia in Africa 2016.12
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Adaptation and Performance in Channel Relationships: The roles of Relationship-Specific Resources and Tailored Activities International conference
Yonghoon Choi and Yoritoshi Hara
32nd Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2016.9
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Environmental and Behavioral Uncertainty in Supply Chains International conference
Yoritoshi Hara and Yonghoon Choi
2016 CBIM (Center for Business & Industrial Marketing) Academic Workshop 2016.6
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Enablers and Inhibitors of Service Commercialization by Manufactures International conference
Hajime Kobayashi and Yoritoshi Hara
11th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance 2015.11
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The Issue of Organizational and Relational Inertia against Servitization of Manufacturing International conference
Yoritoshi Hara, Masaaki Takemura, Yi-jen Wang, and Kenichi Hosoi
7th Bi-Annual International Conference on Business Market Management 2015.7
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Knowledge sharing modes in international business contexts International conference
Hajime Kobayashi, Yoritoshi Hara, and Tetsuya Usui
6th Meeting of the IMP Group in Asia 2014.12
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Two Organizational Learning Modes: A Case Study of a Japanese Supermarket Chain International conference
Hajime Kobayashi and Yoritoshi Hara
International Conference on Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management and Organisational Learning 2014.11
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A Discursive perspective on Legitimation and Delegitimation Strategies between Business and Government International conference
Yoritoshi Hara, Hajime Kobayashi, and Takahiro Endo
30th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2014.9
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The Relationship of Income Change to Buying Criteria in the Middle of Pyramid: International Comparison between Japan and China International conference
Hajime Baba and Yoritoshi Hara
23th Annual Consortium for International Marketing Research 2014.6
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Abrupt Salesperson Driven Network Formation: The Case Study of Kagome's Regional Marketing International conference
Kenichi Hosoi, Kenneth Ichiro Tsuye, Miho Miyauchi and Yoritoshi Hara
7th Annual Conference of Global Science Sales Institution 2014.6
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Making and Consuming Characters International conference
Masae Takimoto, Yoritoshi Hara, Hajime Kobayashi, and Massaki Takemura
2nd M-Sphere Conference 2013.10
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Pros and Cons of Relationships: The Case of Account Executive Systems in the Japanese Advertising Industry International conference
Masae Takimoto, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
29th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2013.9
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Ambidextrous Organizational Learning and Enacted Strategy Stuff: Combining the Strategy-as-Practice View and Dynamic Capability View International conference
Hajime Kobayashi, Masae Takimoto, Masaaki Takemura, and Yoritoshi Hara
29th European Group for Organizational Studies Colloquium 2013.7
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The Challenge of 30 Micrometers: Redefining Dominant Technologies through Casual Interaction in Friendly Relationships International conference
Masae Takimoto, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
5th Meeting of the IMP Group in Asia 2012.12
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Relationships as source of innovations in the advertising industry: A comparative study of Polish and Japanese approaches International conference
Grzegorz Leszczyński, Marek Zielinski, Kenichi Hosoi and Yoritoshi Hara
28th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2012.9
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An Interaction Manager: Maintaining Positive Interactions in an M&A Process International conference
Masae Takimoto, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
28th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2012.9
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The role of artefacts in (de)legitimation processes International conference
Yoritoshi Hara and Takahiro Endo
28th European Group for Organizational Studies Colloquium 2012.7
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Network Bias: A Pitfall Inherent in the Relationship Selling International conference
Kenichi Hosoi, Yoshiyuki Nakagawa, Yoritoshi Hara, and Miho Miyauchi
6th Annual Conference of Global Science Sales Institution 2012.6
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An Analysis of SME's Position in Japanese Business Markets and the Implications for CEE International conference
Hajime Kobayashi, Masae Takimoto, Yoritoshi Hara, Masaaki Takemura
19th Annual Conference on Marketing Business Strategies for Central & Eastern Europe 2011.12
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Chnaging Positions in Business Relationships: A Statistical Result of Japanese Innovative SMEs International conference
Masaaki Takemura, Yoritoshi Hara, Kenichi Hosoi, and Masae Takimoto
27th Industrial Markeitng and Purchasing Conference 2011.9
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How Sales Person Bridged Over the Structural Hole International conference
Kenichi Hosoi, Yoshiyuki Nakagawa, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
5th Annual Conference of Global Science Sales Institution 2011.6
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Ambidextrous Business Networks: The Case of Innovative SMEs in Japan International conference
Yoritoshi Hara, Yoshiyuki Nakagawa, Kenichi Hosoi, and Masaaki Takemura
5th International Conference on Business Market Management 2011.5
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Still Looking East? International conference
Kenichi Hosoi, Hajime Kobayashi, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
18th Annual Conference on Marketing Business Strategies for Central & Eastern Europe 2010.12
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Unintended Interaction: How Subjective Interpretation Generates New Business International conference
Yoritoshi Hara, Kenichi Hosoi, Ye-jen Wang, and Masaaki Takemura
26th Industrial Markeitng and Purchasing Conference 2010.9
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Japanese Sales: Not just about sales but also about conducting business International conference
Kenichi Hosoi, Yoritoshi Hara, and Masaaki Takemura
4th Annual Conference of Global Science Sales Institution 2010.6
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A Case Study on the Next Strategy of Japanese Company in CEE International conference
Yoritoshi Hara, Kenichi Hosoi, and Masaaki Takemura
17th Annural Conference of Markeitng and Business Strategies for Central and Eastern Europe 2009.12
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Ambiguous problem-solving in the product development process: Japanese practices International conference
Masaaki Takemura, Yi-jen Wang, Kenichi Hosoi, and Yoritoshi Hara
24th Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Conference 2008.9
Awards
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優秀論文賞
2020 日本商業学会
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中小企業研究奨励賞
2012.2 一般社団法人 商工総合研究所
Research Projects
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An Empirical Analysis of Channel Behavior among Japanese Firms: Current Trends and Patterns
Grant number：26K00385 2026.4 - 2029.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Grant amount：\17940000 （ Direct Cost: \13800000 、 Indirect Cost：\4140000 ）
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映画制作とネットワーク形成：その共創的組織構造の理解
2025.7
明治大学国際共同研究プロジェクト支援事業 (I型)
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映画制作における心理的所有感とそのパフォーマンス効果に関する研究
2024.7 - 2025.3
明治大学国際共同研究プロジェクト支援事業 (II型)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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プロジェクトベース組織におけるコーディネーションと所有権の役割に関する研究
Grant number：24K05161 2024.4 - 2027.3
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C)（研究代表者： 原頼利） 基盤研究(C)
原 頼利
Authorship：Principal investigator
Grant amount：\4420000 （ Direct Cost: \3400000 、 Indirect Cost：\1020000 ）
本研究は、固定期間で特定のビジネスを遂行するプロジェクトベース組織の一つである日本の映画製作委員会に焦点を当て、メンバー間のコーディネーション問題や資源の所有権が事業成果にどのように影響するのか検証することを目的としている。今年度は、映画制作を担う制作会社やクリエーターの映画製作委員会への関与の仕方、具体的には映画の著作権を持つことが、彼らの制作活動にどのような影響を与え、それが映画の成果にどのように影響するのかについて実証研究を行った。
共同出資、所有権 (著作権) 共有、利益共有といった特徴を有する映画製作委員会は、資源の所有のもつ心理的効果に関する理論に対して重要なインプリーケーションをもつ組織形態である。社会学に根ざしたスチュワードシップ理論に基づくと、映画制作を担うエージェントである制作サイドはプリンシパル (映画製作委員会) の利益のために行動するよう動機づけられるスチュワードとして捉えられるが、この時に制作サイドの自律性や作品作りへの情熱をどう高めることができるかが問題となる。そこで最近、自律性とフェアな報酬の享受ため、制作サイドが製作委員会に出資してメンバーとなり、著作権の共同保持者になるケースがよく見られる。本研究では、制作者の映画作品に対する心理的所有感（作品に対する所有的な感情）が映画制作や作品の成果にどのような影響を与えるのか検証した。
今年度の実証研究の結果として、 製作委員会における制作サイドの占有率 (自律性や心理的所有感の代理変数) は、映画の興行収入 (事業成果) に正の効果をもつこと、委員会におけるメンバーの多様性 (構成比をエントロピー値に変換したもので、コーディネーションの困難性の代理変数) は事業成果に負の効果をもつことなどが発見された。この研究成果をペーパーにまとめ、国際学会で報告した。 -
プロジェクトベース組織におけるガバナンス・メカニ ズムに関する国際共同研究
2023.7 - 2024.3
明治大学国際共同研究プロジェクト支援事業 (II型)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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デジタル時代における製造業者の流通環境への適応
Grant number：23K25559 2023.4 - 2026.3
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B)
久保 知一, 結城 祥, 原 頼利, 李 東俊, 北島 啓嗣, 崔 容熏, 石井 隆太, 高田 英亮
Grant amount：\17030000 （ Direct Cost: \13100000 、 Indirect Cost：\3930000 ）
以下の研究成果を得た。第1に、デジタル化の中でのチャネル内の関係性に関する研究を行った。チャネル研究において、信頼などの企業間関係の質は企業のパフォーマンスを左右する重要な要因と考えられてきた。しかし、近年のデジタル化の中で、「関係性」の役割について再検討する必要が出てきた。たとえば、AI技術やブロックチェーン技術により、デジタル信頼や非人的信頼と呼ばれる概念が注目され、従来の企業間関係における人的な信頼の研究が軽視されるようになった。本研究は企業間学習における人的な信頼などの「関係性」の再検討を行い、企業間関係の構造が企業間学習にどのような影響を与えるか検証した。第2に、デジタル化進展とともに強力なサプライヤー（あるいはリテーラー）の登場が企業間のチャネル選択にどのような影響を与えるのかを分析した。本研究の重要なファインディングスは、既存研究と異なり、各々の企業がチャネル選択するとき、ライバル企業の行動のみならずcommon supplierの行動も考慮すべきである。その結果、製品間の差別化の程度がある程度あれば、両企業は垂直統合を選ぶという新しい結果を導いている。第3に、企業がオフライン・チャネルとオンライン・チャネル、中でもモバイル・チャネルとの統合を、カスタマー・ジャーニーのどの段階で行うことが効果的かという問題について、独自の測定モデルを開発した上で、二次データと実験データを用いて検討を行った。第4に、流通環境適応への駆動力となりうる市場志向に着目し、それが流通業者の行動と成果に及ぼす影響をサーベイデータを用いて検討した結果、チャネル関係の公式化と集権化が行われている際に、市場志向と流通業者成果の関係が強まることが明らかにされた。
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Dynamic Capability in Craft Sector
Grant number：23K22146 2022.4 - 2027.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Grant amount：\17160000 （ Direct Cost: \13200000 、 Indirect Cost：\3960000 ）
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企業間関係性の再検討：B2B-EC化とマルチ・チャネル化の進展と関係性研究の変容
Grant number：20K01974 2020.4 - 2023.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Hara Yoritoshi
Authorship：Principal investigator
Grant amount：\4290000 （ Direct Cost: \3300000 、 Indirect Cost：\990000 ）
This study addressed the issues of interfirm governance and interfirm learning in multichannel systems. Research models were developed and tested for these two issues. The results of the empirical study on interfirm governance show that vertical and horizontal governance are positively related to channel performance, and that the performance effect of vertical governance is weakened with higher channel variety and strengthened with higher channel duality. The empirical study on interfirm learning indicate that while relational variety promotes the acquisition of external knowledge, relationship quality promotes a deeper understanding of this knowledge, which in turn facilitates the exploitation of the knowledge.
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マーケティング・チャネルの硬直性：機敏なチャネル転換を阻む原因の探求
Grant number：19H01543 2019.4 - 2022.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Yuki Sho
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
Grant amount：\15340000 （ Direct Cost: \11800000 、 Indirect Cost：\3540000 ）
Products are distributed from manufacturers to consumers through various channels. For manufacturers, the critical issues in building competitive advantage are (1) which channels to use to sell their products and (2) how to manage relationships with intervening players (distributors, etc.) in those channels. However, even if a manufacturer succeeds in building a competitive channel, that advantage will quickly disappear in today's constantly changing market environment. In such an environment, how can manufacturers successfully reconfigure their channels or how should they interact with channel players to maintain their competitive advantage? Numerous theoretical and empirical studies have been conducted to answer these questions.
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An empirical study on inter-firm adaptation in distribution channels
Grant number：17K04012 2017.4 - 2020.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Hara Yoritoshi
Grant type：Competitive
This study conducted two empirical analyses focusing on the following two dimensions of inter-firm adaptation: inter-firm coordination and resource configuration across firms. The results of one of the empirical studies showed that coordination integration had a positive performance effect, moderated the negative performance effect of uncertainty and the positive effect of product differentiation. In another study, it was found that marketing channel capabilities and exploitation capacities were positively related to channel performance. The results also implied that these knowledge-based resources played roles in addressing the problems caused by environmental uncertainty and relationship-specific assets.
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An Empirical Study of Value Creation and Value Appropriation in Channel Relationships
Grant number：15H03396 2015.4 - 2018.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
CHOI YONGHOON
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
The main emphasis of current research is to verify that firm's endemic resources and capabilities could be alternative safeguarding mechanisms against transaction difficulties of market replacing hierarchical control mechanisms. We also underline the misalignment between governance forms, exchange attributes and firm's heterogeneous endowments should induce dysfunctional impacts on some performance indices. We found that a certain kinds of firm's endemic resources (e.g., market power or exploitation capacity) could fulfill a role as alternative governance mechanisms. Our results show that firms which are blessed with such resources and/or capacities need not to necessarily integrate their channel forwardly even under hazardous market situations. Forward integration by firms with such superior resources rather hamper their channel performances by depriving opportunities to invest for their channel growth and by sacrificing efficiencies of distribution gained when using intermediaries.
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Empirical research on innovation-network management
Grant number：25380579 2013.4 - 2016.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Hara Yoritoshi
Authorship：Principal investigator
The purpose of this study was to examine how business-network management influences innovation in the networks. I conducted the two studies by using different approaches: (1) a qualitative study on legitimation processes in innovation networks and (2) a quantitative study on the impacts of relationship attributes, firms’ capabilities, and governance structures in business relationships on the relationship performance. Study 1 implied that not de-legitimation by peripheral actors in innovation networks could have a great impact on the network performance. Study 2 partially revealed the relationships between relationship-specific investments, uncertainty, absorptive capacities, governance structures, and relationship performance.
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Cooperation vs Conflict and Integration vs Separation in Channel Relationships
Grant number：24530539 2012.4 - 2015.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
CHOI YONGHOON, KUBO Tomokazu, HARA Yoritoshi, YUKI Sho, TAKADA Hidesuke
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
At first, we discussed about relationships between the types of opportunism, channel dependence and channel performances. Current study, based on Hirschman's EVL model,investigating two forms of opportunism(active/passive)and how they affect the performances in channel relationships, including EVL, satisfaction and response to customers.In second study, based on Ghosh and John(1999)'s Governance Value Analysis framework in which the integration of transaction-cost theory and dynamic capability approach being attempted, we proposed several hypotheses relating with interrelationships between firm resources,capabilities, transaction attributes,channel integrity and channel performances. Surveys of the two studies was already conducted and the response rate of both surveys are unexpectedly high.
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Coordination and corporate boundaries in business networks of innovative SMEs
Grant number：21730344 2009.4 - 2013.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
HARA Yoritoshi
Grant type：Competitive
The purpose of this research was to explore how inter-organizational network formation and management of innovative small and mid-sized enterprises (SMEs) influenced their innovativeness and knowledge accumulation. In addition, I was interested in how innovative SMEs mobilized and utilized resources and capabilities of organizations the SMEs transacted with. My research showed that the innovative SMEs I focused on tended to utilize resources and capabilities of their partners in proactive ways, and to combine these outside resources and capabilities with resources and capabilities within the SMEs in creative and productive manners. In order to achieve that, the SMEs also tended to build strong relationships with a few major firms the SMEs had partnerships with, while they had weak ties with firms in different industries and/or research institutes. Through the research, it was also observed that innovativeness and network formation of the SMEs depended on personal capabilities
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An Empirical Research on the Strategies for Constructing the Business Network of SMEs
Grant number：20330092 2008.4 - 2011.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
TAKEMURA Masaaki, HIROTA Akimitsu, WANG Yi-jen, HOSOI Kenichi, HARA Yoritoshi, TOMINO Takahiro, TSUCHIY Suneo, INOUE Ryuichiro, MIZUNO Manabu, TAKIMOTO Masae
Grant type：Competitive
We have examined sample survey how SME could have changed their positions with their business acquaintances for past ten years. Position means the roles to their business acquaintances. We assume these roles as 7 grades, from main suppliers to simple subcontractors. We revealed that the ratio was below 5%, which was far less than we had expected. And we also have revealed that the firms which could have changed their positions to upward had extended their market by product innovation.
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