DOI： 10.1101/2023.02.27.530166

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.joca.2022.12.004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Mechanical stress is involved in the onset of sports-related enthesopathy. Although the amount of exercise undertaken is a recognized problem during disease onset, changes in muscle contraction type are also involved in the increase in mechanical stress during exercise. This study aimed to clarify the effects of increased mechanical stress associated with muscle contraction type and amount of exercise on enthesis. Twenty mice underwent treadmill exercise, and the muscle contraction type and overall load during exercise were adjusted by varying the angle and speed conditions. Histological analysis was used to the cross-sectional area of the muscle; area of the enthesis fibrocartilage (FC), and expression of inflammation-, degeneration-, and calcification-related factors in the FC area. In addition, the volume and structure of the bone and FC area were examined using microcomputer imaging. Molecular biological analysis was conducted to compare relative expression levels of inflammation and cytokine-related factors in tendons. The Overuse group, which increased the amount of exercise, showed no significant differences in parameters compared to the sedentary mice (Control group). The mice subjected to slow-speed downhill running (Misuse group) showed pathological changes compared to the Control and Overuse groups, despite the small amount of exercise. Thus, the enthesis FC area may be altered by local mechanical stress that would be increased by eccentric muscle contraction rather than by mechanical stress that increases with the overall amount of exercise. Clinical Significance: The muscle contraction type might be more involved in the onset of sports-related enthesopathy rather than the amount of exercise.

DOI： 10.1002/jor.25233

PubMed

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出版者・発行元：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  

Abstract

Objective

Mechanical stress is one of the most exacerbating factors on knee osteoarthritis (OA). We recently reported the effect of shear stress on OA progression in vivo using controlled abnormal tibial translation (CATT), which suppressed shear stress in vivo due to ACL transection (ACL-T). However, surgical ACL-T mice models were used, thus effect of shear stress cannot be clarified exactly. So, we aimed to establish a novel Non-Invasive ACL-T without intra-articular injuries and reveal the onset mechanism of knee OA induced by shear stress.

Design

First, twelve-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were used to make a novel Non-Invasive ACL-T model. After creating the model, injuries of intra-articular tissues were observed histologically, macroscopically, and morphologically. Next, twelve-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were categorized into ACL-T, CATT, and Sham groups. After 2,4 and 8 weeks, we performed the anterior drawer test, safranin-O/fast green staining, and immunohistochemical staining for MMP-3 and TNF-α.

Results

In a novel Non-Invasive ACL-T model, no injuries, including cartilage, meniscus, and bone were not observed except ACL rupture. Regarding OA progression, the anterior tibial translation in the ACL-T group was significantly higher than that of the other groups at all weeks, and cartilage degeneration in the ACL-T group increased significantly compared with the other groups at 8 weeks. Although synovitis score in the ACL-T and CATT groups was significantly higher than the Sham group at 2 and 8 weeks, there were no differences between the ACL-T and CATT groups. In addition, the MMP-3 positive cell rate in the cartilage of the ACL-T group was higher than the other groups at 4 and 8 weeks. However, that in the synovium of the ACL-T group was higher than the other groups at 8 weeks. TNF-α positive cell rates in both cartilage and synovium were not changed between the ACL-T and CATT groups.

Conclusion

We have successfully established a new Non-Invasive ACL-T model without intra-articular tissue damage, which induces knee OA due to shear stress. In the OA progression caused by shear stress, chondrocytes first showed a molecular biological response, leading to a local increase in MMP-3. On the other hand, synovitis is not directly induced by mechanical stress but is indirectly caused by intra-articular degeneration associated with knee OA progression.

DOI： 10.1101/2022.05.28.493828

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIM: The healing ability of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is very poor; however, it has recently been shown to undergo self-healing with conservative treatments. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the site of injury on the healing process after complete transverse tear of ACL using a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 58 skeletally mature Wistar rats were randomly assigned to various ACL injury groups: controlled abnormal movement-mid-portion (CAM-MP), controlled abnormal movement-femoral side (CAM-FS), ACL transection-mid-portion (ACLT-MP), or ACL transection-femoral side (ACLT-FS) injury groups. The ACL was completely transected in the mid-portion in the ACLT-MP and CAM-MP groups, and on the femoral side in the ACLT-FS and CAM-FS groups. Both CAM groups underwent extra-articular braking to control for abnormal tibial translation. The animals were allowed full cage activity until sacrifice postoperatively for histological and biomechanical assessment. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the ratios of residual ligament lengths between the CAM-MP and CAM-FS groups, demonstrating the validity of each model. Spontaneous healing of the injured ACL was observed in the CAM-MP and CAM-FS groups but not in the ACLT-MP and ACLT-FS groups. The mechanical strength of the healing ACL did not differ between the CAM-MP and CAM-FS groups 8 weeks after injury; however, the former had better mechanical strength than the latter 12 weeks after the injury. CONCLUSION: ACL injuries in the mid-portion and on the femoral side may be treated with conservative therapy for spontaneous healing.

DOI： 10.1080/03008207.2021.1889529

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.joca.2021.12.002

Web of Science

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: Joint instability and meniscal dysfunction contribute to the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). In the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model, secondary OA occurs due to the rotational instability and increases compressive stress resulting from the meniscal dysfunction. We created a new controlled abnormal tibial rotation (CATR) model that reduces the rotational instability that occurs in the DMM model. So, we aimed to investigate whether rotational instability affects articular cartilage degeneration using the DMM and CATR models, as confirmed using histology and immunohistochemistry. DESIGN: Twelve-week-old male mice were randomized into 3 groups: DMM group, CATR group, and INTACT group (right knee of the DMM group). After 8 and 12 weeks, we performed the tibial rotational test, safranin-O/fast green staining, and immunohistochemical staining for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. RESULTS: The rotational instability in the DMM group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. And articular cartilage degeneration was higher in the DMM group than in the other groups. However, meniscal degeneration was observed in both DMM and CATR groups. The TNF-α and MMP-13 positive cell rates in the articular cartilage of the CATR group were lower than those in the DMM group. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the articular cartilage degeneration was delayed by controlling the rotational instability caused by meniscal dysfunction. These findings suggest that suppression of rotational instability in the knee joint may be an effective therapeutic measure for preventing OA progression.

DOI： 10.1177/19476035211069239

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: Moderate mechanical stress is necessary for preserving the cartilage. The clinician empirically understands that prescribing only exercise will progress osteoarthritis (OA) for knee OA patients with abnormal joint movement. When prescribing exercise for OA, we hypothesized that degeneration of articular cartilage could be further prevented by combining interventions with the viewpoint of normalizing joint movement. DESIGN: Twelve-week-old ICR mice underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) surgery in their right knee and divided into 4 groups: ACL-T, controlled abnormal joint movement (CAJM), ACL-T with exercise (ACL-T/Ex), CAJM with exercise (CAJM/Ex). Animals in the walking group were subjected to treadmill exercise 6 weeks after surgery, which included walking for 18 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk for 4 weeks. Joint instability was measured by anterior drawer test, and safranin-O staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed. RESULTS: OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) score of ACL-T/Ex group showed highest among 4 groups (P < 0.001). And CAJM/Ex group was lower than ACL-T/Ex group. Positive cell ratio of IL-1β and MMP-13 in CAJM/Ex group was lower than ACL-T/Ex group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found that the state of the intra-articular environment can greatly influence the effect of exercise on cartilage degeneration, even if exercise is performed under the same conditions. In the CAJM/Ex group where joint movement was normalized, abnormal mechanical stress such as shear force and compression force accompanying ACL cutting was alleviated. These findings may highlight the need to consider an intervention to correct abnormal joint movement before prescribing physical exercise in the treatment of OA.

DOI： 10.1177/1947603519885007

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本理学療法学会連合  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本基礎理学療法学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本基礎理学療法学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Cartilage degeneration is the main pathological component of knee osteoarthritis (OA), but no effective treatment for its control exists. Although exercise can inhibit OA, the abnormal joint movement with knee OA must be managed to perform exercise. Our aims were to determine how controlling abnormal joint movement and treadmill exercise can suppress cartilage degeneration, to analyze the tissues surrounding articular cartilage, and to clarify the effect of treatment. Twelve-week-old ICR mice (n = 24) underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) surgery on their right knees and were divided into three groups as follows: ACL-T, animals in the walking group subjected to ACL-T; controlled abnormal joint movement (CAJM), and CAJM with exercise (CAJM + Ex) (n = 8/group). Walking-group animals were subjected to treadmill exercise 6 weeks after surgery, including walking for 18 m/min, 30 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Safranin-O staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The OARSI (Osteoarthritis research Society international) score was lower in the CAJM group than in the ACL-T group and was even lower in the CAJM + Ex group. The CAJM group had a lower meniscal injury score than the ACL-T group, and the CAJM + Ex group demonstrated a less severe synovitis than the ACL-T and CAJM groups. The observed difference in the perichondrium tissue damage score depending on the intervention method suggests different therapeutic effects, that normalizing joint motion can solve local problems in the knee joint, and that the anti-inflammatory effect of treadmill exercise can suppress cartilage degeneration.

DOI： 10.3390/life11040303

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: Abnormal load stress caused by joint instability has been reported to be one of the factors responsible for the development of osteoarthritis (OA). However, few studies have investigated the efficacy of exercise therapy for patients with knee instability-induced OA, and there are no specific treatment guidelines or effects for this form of OA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise treatments for joint instability in patients with knee OA by a systematic review. DESIGN: Systematic review. RESULTS: Searches in three databases, PubMed, Cochrane, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, yielded 14 articles that were scrutinized, and 6 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise therapy focusing on joint instability, including muscle maintenance and strength training, and specific training targeting knee instability have no additional beneficial effects on knee joint instability. However, because of the benefits of treatment protocols based on patient attributes in exercise treatment focused on joint instability, it is necessary to investigate the effects in more detail in the future.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100114

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：社団法人 日本理学療法士協会関東甲信越ブロック協議会  

<p>【序文】腱の骨付着部はEnthesisと呼ばれ、4層構造を呈し筋活動に伴う機械的ストレスを軽減する役割を果たす。同部は成長期Overuse障害の好発部位として知られているが、運動に伴うストレスがEnthesis部の構造にどのような変化を及ぼすかについての報告は少ない。本研究の目的は、マウスのEnthesis構造の組織学的観察により、異なる運動による機械的ストレスと構造変化の関係性を明らかにすることとした。</p><p>【方法】ICR系若齢白色雄性マウス30匹を、平地走行群（0 度）、下り坂走行群（16度）、非運動群に分類、小動物用トレッドミルを使用し15m/minにて60分/日、5日/週の走行運動を8週間行なった。介入終了後、ヒラメ筋とアキレス腱付着部を採取しそれぞれ包埋後に切片を作成、一般染色を行い筋およびEnthesis全体像の構造変化を定量的に解析した。本研究は所属施設の動物実験倫理委員会の承認を得て実施した（承認番号29-1）。</p><p>【結果】ヒラメ筋横断面積は非運動<平地走行<下り坂走行の順で増大傾向を示し、統計学的に有意差を認めた。 アキレス腱付着部のEnthesis構造は、同様の順で線維軟骨層における石灰化線維軟骨層の割合が拡大する傾向を示した。</p><p>【結語】本研究では非運動<平地走行<下り坂走行の順で、筋横断面積の増大及びEnthesis部における石灰化線維軟骨層の割合の拡大が認められた。下り坂走行は下肢抗重力筋に対し遠心性収縮を引き起こすため、負荷量が大きく筋肥大効果が高いとする報告があるが、本研究においても同様に筋肥大を認めた。一方、アキレス腱付着部のEnthesis構造では、遠心性収縮による機械的ストレスの増大により、他群と比較し石灰化線維軟骨層の拡大が観察された。これらの結果は、遠心性収縮の筋力トレーニングとしての有用性を再確認するとともに、Enthesis部においては構造的変化を引き起こしており、付着部症（Enthesopathy）と言われるEnthesis部の傷害の発症要因となりうる可能性が示唆された。</p>

DOI： 10.14901/ptkanbloc.38.0_O-039

CiNii Research

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